Halajá paramiércoles 8 Iyar 5781 abril 20 2021

ÉSTA HALAJÁ SE EDITA PARA LA ELEVACIÓN DEL ALMA DE

HAJAM YOM TOV YEDID HALEVY BEN ZAKIE Z"L

NEW YORK

ANUDAR Y DESANUDAR EN SHABBAT

Entre las 39 Melajot –acciones prohibidas en Shabbat- el Talmud (Shabbat 73b) cuenta la prohibición de atar o anudar y desatar o desanudar, lo cual constituye una transgresión de la Torá en el dia de Shabbat. 
Existen diversos aspectos a analizar en esta prohibición, ya que no todos los nudos son prohibidos realizar en Shabbat y tampoco todos los nudos pueden desanudarse en Shabbat. A continuación trataremos de detallar algunos aspectos sobre esta prohibición. 
En principio, es apropiado aclarar que la acción de anudar está relacionada con la de desatar, o sea que todo nudo que está prohibido realizarlo en Shabbat está asimismo prohibido desatarlo, y el nudo que está permitido anudar, por supuesto se lo puede desatar en Shabbat (Ramba”m cap. 10 inc. 5), Sh. Aruj cap. 317).

Existe un tipo de  nudos que está prohibido realizar por la Torá, en tanto que otros están prohibidos sólo por decreto rabínico. 
Los nudos prohibidos realizar por la Torá son los que reúnen dos condiciones. Primero, debe tratarse de nudos permanentes, no transitorios que se desatan constantemente. Segundo, deben ser nudos artesanales, como los que realizan los marineros o los beduinos en sus camellos. Este tipo de nudo está prohibido realizar por la Torá. Si faltase alguna de las dos condiciones, o sea un nudo transitorio o un nudo común, que no se requiere mayor destreza para realizarlo, rige sólo una prohibición rabínica.

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